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Anti-Dumping Duties when importing from China to the EU

Importing Chinese goods into the European Union is a complicated problem that frequently raises complaints about unfair trade practices such as dumping. Dumping, or selling products at a price lower than their typical market value, can be threatening to any industry in the world, resulting in job losses and unfair competition. To fight this, the EU enacted anti-dumping duties, which impose additional taxes on Chinese-imported goods.

In this article, we'll look at the EU's anti-dumping duties when importing from China. We will define dumping and discuss how anti-dumping duties function. We will also look at the ramifications for European importers and Chinese exporters, as well as provide important information and advice for navigating this difficult situation.

What is anti-dumping?

anti dumping duty european taxAnti-dumping is a tool used by governments to protect their local industries from foreign competitors who are selling their products at prices lower than the local competition. This strategy, known as "dumping," is unfair and can result in domestic companies going out of business.

To counteract this practice, the importing country can impose anti-dumping duties. This helps to level the playing field for local producers and foreign exporters, encouraging fair competition in the global market. However, the use of anti-dumping measures is a complex and often controversial issue, with both supporters and critics. Its impact on international trade and global markets should be carefully considered.

 

How can dumping affect the EU domestic industry?

Dumping can negatively affect the EU domestic industry by creating unfair competition, reducing the prices of imported products, reducing the market share of local producers, eliminating local jobs, and reducing investment in local industry.

The industries most affected by dumping are generally those that are highly competitive, such as steel, chemicals, textiles, and electronics.

European Union member states have taken steps to combat dumping, including the imposition of anti-dumping duties on imported products since 1994. These duties are designed to offset the damages caused by dumping by levying additional taxes on imported products.

In the following section, we will take a closer look at the European Union's anti-dumping duties and how they are applied when importing products from China.

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How do EU anti-dumping duties work?

european industry anti dumping dutyAnti-dumping duties are additional taxes imposed on imported products to offset the negative effects of dumping on the European Union's domestic industry. These duties are determined following an anti-dumping investigation procedure conducted by the European Commission.

 

What is the EU Anti-Dumping Investigation Procedure?

The EU Anti-Dumping Investigation Procedure is a legal procedure to determine whether dumping has occurred and whether it has caused harm to the domestic industry in the European Union. This procedure consists of multiple steps, including:

  1. Filing a complaint: a complaint can be filed by an EU company, a trade association or a Member State. The complaint must include sufficient evidence to demonstrate the existence of dumping and harm to the domestic industry.
  2. Preliminary investigation: The European Commission conducts a preliminary investigation to determine whether a full investigation is warranted. This investigation examines the evidence presented in the complaint to determine whether it is sufficient to justify the initiation of a full investigation.
  3. Full investigation: If the preliminary investigation concludes that a full investigation is warranted, the European Commission conducts a full investigation to determine whether dumping has occurred and whether it has caused harm to the domestic industry. Here is the page where you can find ongoing investigations.

 

How anti-dumping duties are determined on imports from China?

Once it has been determined that dumping has occurred and that it has caused harm to the domestic industry in the EU, the European Commission may impose anti-dumping duties on imports from China. Anti-dumping duties are generally calculated based on the difference between the selling price of the imported products and their normal selling price in the exporting country.

 

How are anti-dumping duties calculated? 

how to calculate dumping duty taxThe calculation of anti-dumping duties for imports from China is a complex process that takes into account several factors, including the normal selling price of the products in the exporter's domestic market, the selling price of the imported products in the European Union market, and the production costs of the imported products.

Anti-dumping duties are generally calculated as a percentage of the selling price of imported products. This percentage may vary depending on the level of dumping found and the degree of damage caused to the EU domestic industry. 

Example of anti-dumping duties for Chinese imports to EU.

To better understand how the EU's anti-dumping duties are calculated for imports from China, let's consider the following example: steel products are imported from a Chinese company and sold in the European Union at a price that the European Commission deems to be lower than the normal value.

  1. A Chinese company exports steel to the EU at €500 per ton, while the normal selling price in China is €600 per ton.
  2. The European Commission finds that the Chinese company is engaging in dumping practices and calculates a dumping margin of €100 per ton.
  3. The European Commission determines the injury caused to the EU industry by the dumping practices.
  4. The European Commission may impose an anti-dumping duty, which is usually calculated as a percentage of the import price of the product. For example, if the duty is 20%, the duty would be €100 per ton (20% of €500).
  5. The anti-dumping duty is added to the price of the imported product, making it less competitive compared to similar products produced in the EU.

These duties are an important means for the European Union to fight dumping and protect its domestic industry. The anti-dumping investigation and anti-dumping duty calculation procedures are complex processes that are put in place to ensure that.

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Which products are affected by the anti-dumping practice?

As seen above, anti-dumping practices are put in place to prevent foreign companies from destabilizing local markets and jeopardizing the survival of local companies. Thus, many products are subject to dumping measures, which can have important consequences for companies and consumers. Here are some examples of products affected by these measures: 

Product Country of Origin CN code Monitoring period Current anti-dumping duty
Solar pannels China 8541 01/09/2019 - 31/08/2020  0% - 53,4%
Cold rolled steel China 7209 01/07/2019 - 30/06/2020  13,8% - 36,1%
Flat glass China 7005 01/09/2019 - 31/08/2020  0% - 6,4%
Transmission equipment for mobile telephone networks China 8517 01/07/2020 - 30/06/2021  17,3% - 57,9%
Equipment for the solar industry China 8481 01/07/2019 - 30/06/2020  17,2% - 27,5%

For more information, you can consult the complete list on the European Commission's website on ongoing trade investigations.

FAQ | Anti-Dumping Duties when importing from China to the EU

How do anti-dumping duties affect imported product prices?

Anti-dumping duties may affect how much European companies charge for imported goods. If they continue selling imported products at the same price despite the added anti-dumping taxes, they may make less profit. On the other hand, if they decide to increase their prices to account for the duties, the cost of imported products may rise for European consumers. This could have an impact on demand and sales.

How do anti-dumping duties impact EU-China business relationships?

Anti-dumping duties can also influence the business relationship between European companies and Chinese suppliers. If anti-dumping duties are imposed at high rates, European companies may be discouraged from importing products from China and may seek alternative suppliers in other countries. This may impact the business relationship between European companies and Chinese suppliers, especially if they rely heavily on imported products for their business.

What are the consequences of not paying anti-dumping duties when importing goods from China to the EU?

Failing to pay anti-dumping duties when importing goods from China to the EU can have serious consequences. The EU authorities can take legal action against the importer and impose penalties, including fines, seizure of goods, and even criminal charges. Additionally, not paying anti-dumping duties can harm the reputation of the company and damage business relationships with suppliers and customers. It is important to comply with all trade regulations to avoid any legal or financial complications.

What's the difference between Anti-Dumping (ADD) and Countervailing Duty (CD)?

Anti-dumping (ADD) and Countervailing Duty (CVD) are two forms of trade remedies used by governments to protect domestic industries from unfair trade practices. Anti-dumping duties are imposed on imports that are being sold at a price lower than their normal value, which can harm domestic industries by undercutting their prices and making it difficult for them to compete. The purpose of ADD is to raise the price of the imported product to a level that is comparable to the price of similar products in the domestic market. On the other hand, countervailing duties are imposed on imports that are benefiting from government subsidies, which can also harm domestic industries by giving the foreign producers an unfair advantage. The purpose of CVD is to offset the effects of the subsidy and level the playing field for domestic producers.

 

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