International trade relies on precise rules to harmonize exchanges between countries. One of the most important tools in this framework is the HS Code (Harmonized System Code), known as code SH in French. This universal classification system is used by customs authorities worldwide to identify goods, calculate duties, and ensure transparency in global trade.
Without proper knowledge of HS Codes, companies risk delays, unexpected costs, and even penalties.
1. What is the HS Code and Why is it Important?
The HS Code is an international system developed by the World Customs Organization (WCO). It assigns each type of product a unique number, usually made up of 6 digits, which can be extended with additional national codes.
Its role is central in the supply chain: it allows businesses and customs to “speak the same language” worldwide.
Why is this crucial?
- To determine applicable customs duties and taxes.
- To facilitate and speed up customs clearance.
- To avoid disputes or misunderstandings with local authorities.
- To harmonize product classification in over 200 countries.
2. How to Find the HS Code of Your Product?
Finding the correct HS Code can seem complex, as it depends on many factors such as product composition, intended use, and technical characteristics. However, several reliable solutions exist to identify it quickly.
The most common methods include:
- Consulting official databases such as TARIC (European Union) or HTS (United States).
- Using online tools provided by customs administrations or specialized platforms.
- Relying on a freight forwarder or customs broker, who can classify your goods correctly thanks to their expertise.
Example: a wooden chair and a plastic chair will have different HS Codes because the raw material directly affects the classification.
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Common mistake: choosing a code that is too generic or approximate. While it may seem convenient, this exposes you to risks of miscalculated duties, incorrect taxation, or even blocked shipments.
3. Using the HS Code to Calculate Duties and Taxes
Once the HS Code is identified, it becomes the key to calculating import costs. The amount is generally based on the CIF value (Cost + Insurance + Freight), to which the duty rate associated with the code is applied.
Example:
- Goods value: €10,000
- Freight and insurance: €1,000
- CIF value = €11,000
- Customs duty: 5% → €550
- VAT (20% in France) on value + duties = €2,310
Thus, the HS Code is not just a classification tool—it is also the trigger for financial calculation.
A misclassification can result in:
- Unexpected extra costs (higher duties).
- Penalties for customs fraud.
- In some cases, outright seizure of goods.
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4. HS Codes for Personal Effects: A Special Case
Unlike commercial goods intended for resale, personal effects (furniture, clothing, used electronics) do not always follow the same rules. In some countries, they may be exempt from customs duties if the owner can prove that they are used and non-commercial items.
How to find the HS Code for personal effects:
- Check local customs databases for specific categories such as “household goods” or “personal effects.”
- Consult an international moving specialist or freight forwarder.
- Prepare supporting documents (invoices, moving certificates, inventories).
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Example: a move from France to Canada may involve different HS Codes for furniture, clothing, and household appliances. If the declaration is incorrect, you may end up paying unnecessary taxes.
5. Best Practices and DocShipper Tips
To avoid mistakes and streamline your shipments, here are some recommendations:
- Always verify a code using multiple sources (official databases + freight forwarder).
- Anticipate costs before shipping: an incorrect HS Code can distort the entire calculation.
- Rely on a logistics expert: DocShipper supports its clients in correctly classifying products, calculating duties, and avoiding customs clearance issues.
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Conclusion
The HS Code is much more than an administrative reference—it is the cornerstone of international supply chains. Used correctly, it ensures fluidity, compliance, and predictability of costs. Misused, it can lead to delays, additional expenses, and disputes.
To secure your imports and exports, DocShipper assists you with product classification, tax calculations, and the full management of your logistics operations.
FAQ – HS Code and Supply Chain
The HS Code (Harmonized System Code) is a 6-digit international code used by customs authorities worldwide to identify and classify goods. It can be extended with national digits (up to 8, 10, or even 12) to refine taxation and controls.
